Which of the following entities collects and disseminates information on mortgage originators?

The Nationwide Multistate Licensing System (NMLS) is the correct choice because it is specifically designed to serve as a centralized database for mortgage licensing within the United States. This system collects and maintains data on mortgage originators, allowing for the tracking of licensing information, education requirements, and compliance history. NMLS enhances consumer protection and promotes transparency within the mortgage industry by allowing regulators and the public to access vital information about licensed mortgage originators and brokers.

The other entities mentioned have different roles and scopes. The Federal Housing Administration is primarily involved in insuring mortgage loans and promoting homeownership, rather than collecting detailed information on mortgage originators themselves. The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) focuses on protecting consumers in financial markets, including overseeing financial institutions, but it does not serve as the central licensing database for mortgage originators. Meanwhile, the Congressional Mortgage Oversight Committee does not exist as a formal entity that collects or disseminates information on mortgage originators; it would instead relate to legislative oversight without a direct role in handling licensing information. Thus, the NMLS is the definitive source for such data regarding mortgage originators.